The evidence
In-group favouritism: your people first
How little does it take to favour your own side? In the classic experiments, a label was enough.

In-group favouritism (the minimal group effect)
Favouring people who share a meaningless label with you over people who do not.
What the study found
In 1971, schoolboys sorted into groups by a trivial test, such as over- or under-estimating dots, divided real money between two other boys. They favoured the boy from their own group. In a second series they often chose to maximise the gap between the groups, even at the cost of other gains such as more money in total.
Source: Tajfel, H., Billig, M. G., Bundy, R. P., & Flament, C. (1971). Social categorization and intergroup behaviour. European Journal of Social Psychology 1(2), 149-178. doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420010202
How to read this
These are the answers of particular people, asked in a particular way, at a particular time. A share of people is not a verdict: it tells you what they answered, not what is right.
Where the game asks it
The Rescue (Where does your circle end?), The Review (What would change your mind?). The game’s versions with family, age, consent and combined pressures are new comparisons written for it. They are not copies of the experiments, and no population percentages are claimed for them.
Play The Rescue Free. No account. Your place is saved on your device.
More evidence
- The trolley problem: what people actually answer
- The framing effect: lives saved or lives lost
- The identifiable victim effect: one voice against many
- The ultimatum game: would you refuse an unfair offer?
- The dictator game: what people give when nobody can refuse
- Third-party punishment: paying to punish a stranger
- Omission bias: the harm you cause and the harm you allow
- Obedience to authority: the Milgram experiments
- Conformity: when everyone else gives the wrong answer
- Anchoring: the number you saw first
- Base-rate neglect: what a positive test really means
- The sunk cost effect: finishing what should be stopped
- The default effect: when doing nothing is the choice